The virus, which spreads by both hematogenous and neural route is –
**Core Concept**
Rabies virus spreads through the body via two main routes: hematogenous (through the bloodstream) and neural (along the nerves). This unique characteristic is essential for its pathogenesis and clinical manifestations.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Rabies virus infection occurs when the virus enters the body through a bite wound, typically from an infected animal. The virus then travels to the central nervous system (CNS) via the neural route, where it replicates and multiplies. Once in the CNS, the virus can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream, causing systemic symptoms. The neural route allows the virus to bypass the immune system, making it difficult to treat.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it doesn't specify the unique characteristic of spreading through both hematogenous and neural routes.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it doesn't mention the neural route, which is crucial for rabies virus pathogenesis.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it doesn't provide a specific example of a virus that spreads through both routes.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Rabies virus is a zoonotic virus, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. The virus is usually fatal if left untreated, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is the only effective treatment.
**Correct Answer: B. Rabies virus.**