Haloperidol induced extarpyramidal side effects are treated by ?
**Core Concept**
Haloperidol-induced extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are a consequence of its antagonistic action on dopamine receptors, particularly D2 receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway. This leads to an imbalance in the dopaminergic transmission, resulting in symptoms such as dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonism.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The treatment of haloperidol-induced EPS involves administering medications that enhance dopaminergic transmission or block the action of acetylcholine, which is involved in the pathophysiology of EPS. **Benzatropine** is a muscarinic antagonist that inhibits acetylcholine's action on the striatum, thereby reducing EPS symptoms. This is why benzatropine is commonly used to treat haloperidol-induced EPS.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Haloperidol withdrawal is not an effective treatment for EPS, as it does not address the underlying dopaminergic imbalance.
**Option B:** Dopamine agonists like bromocriptine may worsen EPS symptoms in the short term due to their action on D2 receptors, which can exacerbate the condition.
**Option C:** Anticholinergic medications like benztropine are more effective than antihistamines in treating EPS, as they directly target the muscarinic receptors involved in the pathophysiology of EPS.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When treating extrapyramidal side effects, it is essential to consider the patient's overall medication regimen and potential interactions, as some medications can exacerbate or worsen EPS symptoms.
**Correct Answer:** B. Benztropine.