Gynaecomastia is caused by –
**Core Concept**
Gynaecomastia is a benign enlargement of breast tissue in males, resulting from an imbalance between estrogen and androgen hormones. This condition can arise due to various factors, including hormonal imbalances, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Gynaecomastia is often caused by an increase in estrogen levels relative to androgens. This can occur due to several reasons, such as:
* Increased conversion of androgens to estrogens by the enzyme aromatase.
* Decreased levels of testosterone, which can be seen in conditions like primary hypogonadism or secondary hypogonadism.
* Certain medications, like spironolactone, which has anti-androgenic effects.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not provided.
**Option B:** While spironolactone can cause gynaecomastia, it is not the only cause, and this option is too broad.
**Option C:** This option is not provided.
**Option D:** This option is not provided.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Aromatase inhibitors, which block the conversion of androgens to estrogens, can be used to treat gynaecomastia in certain cases. However, their use requires careful consideration and monitoring due to potential side effects.
**Correct Answer:** B. Spironolactone.