Monogenic &Autosomal II> ominant cause of HTN is/are -a) 17-α Hydroxylase deficiencyb) Familial Conn’s syndromec) Pregnancy induced HTNd) Glucocorticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism

## **Core Concept**
The question focuses on identifying the monogenic and autosomal dominant causes of hypertension. Monogenic hypertension refers to high blood pressure caused by mutations in a single gene. Understanding the genetic basis of hypertension is crucial for diagnosing and managing specific types of hypertensive disorders.

## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer involves identifying which of the listed conditions are both monogenic and autosomal dominant causes of hypertension.
- **Familial Conn's syndrome** and **Glucocorticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism** are known to be caused by genetic mutations and are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
- **17-α Hydroxylase deficiency** is a rare cause of monogenic hypertension but is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, not autosomal dominant.
- **Pregnancy-induced hypertension** is not typically classified under monogenic causes.

## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A: 17-α Hydroxylase deficiency** is incorrect because it is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, not autosomal dominant.
- **Option C: Pregnancy induced HTN** is incorrect because it is not considered a monogenic cause of hypertension; it has a multifactorial etiology.
- **Option D: Glucocorticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism** is part of the correct answer but when considered alone is not the complete answer.

## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that **Glucocorticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism (GRA)** and **Familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 (or Familial Conn's syndrome)** are two critical monogenic, autosomal dominant causes of hypertension. These conditions are significant because they can be specifically diagnosed and sometimes treated with targeted therapies.

## **Correct Answer:** B. **Familial Conn's syndrome** and **Glucocorticoid remediable hyperaldosteronism** are the best matches for monogenic, autosomal dominant causes of hypertension. Therefore, **Correct Answer: B.**