## Core Concept
The management of a parenteral needle stick injury, especially in a healthcare worker dealing with an AIDS patient, involves immediate and follow-up measures to prevent the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens. This includes post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and monitoring.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct approach involves:
- **Serial serological testing of the healthcare worker (b)**: This is crucial for early detection of any potential infection and for providing appropriate care and support.
- **Zidovudine (AZT) prophylaxis to the healthcare worker (c)**: Administering antiretroviral drugs like AZT as part of PEP can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission if started promptly.
- **Wash the part with soap and water (d)**: Immediate washing of the wound with soap and water is recommended as a first-aid measure to reduce the risk of infection.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
- **Option A: a)**: While knowing the source person's status can be helpful, serial serological testing of the source person is not directly necessary for the management of the exposed healthcare worker.
- **Option B: e)**: Washing the part with glutaraldehyde is not a recommended first-aid procedure for needle stick injuries; soap and water are preferred.
- **Option D: a, e)**: Including option e makes this choice incorrect due to the reasons mentioned above.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key point to remember is that **immediate action** following a needle stick injury, including washing the site with soap and water and starting PEP if indicated, can significantly impact the prevention of HIV transmission. Healthcare workers should be aware of the institution's protocol for managing such exposures.
## Correct Answer: C.
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