Glaucoma is characterised by apoptosis of
**Core Concept**
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that lead to damage of the **optic nerve**, often due to abnormally high pressure in the eye. The **trabecular meshwork** is responsible for draining the aqueous humor, and its dysfunction can lead to increased intraocular pressure.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of glaucoma, where increased intraocular pressure leads to **retinal ganglion cell** apoptosis. This is because the high pressure damages the **optic nerve head**, causing the death of retinal ganglion cells.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because while the retina is affected, the specific cell type is not mentioned.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the **retinal pigment epithelium** is not directly involved in the apoptosis characteristic of glaucoma.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because the **choroid** is a layer of blood vessels between the sclera and retina, not directly related to glaucoma pathology.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that glaucoma can lead to irreversible vision loss if not treated promptly, making **early detection** crucial.
**Correct Answer:** D. retinal ganglion cells.