Glanders disease is caused by-
**Core Concept**
Glanders is a rare and infectious zoonotic disease caused by a specific bacterium that affects the mucous membranes and skin of equines, particularly horses and donkeys. The disease can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated materials.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Glanders is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei (formerly known as Pseudomonas mallei), which is a gram-negative, aerobic bacillus. The bacteria can enter the human body through cuts or abrasions in the skin, or through inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the bacteria. Once inside the body, B. mallei can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, chills, and lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. The bacteria can also cause systemic infections, including pneumonia and septicemia.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the correct causative agent of glanders. There are several other bacteria that can cause similar infections, but B. mallei is the specific bacterium responsible for glanders.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a virus, not a bacterium, and is not associated with glanders.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a different bacterium that causes a different disease, anthrax.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Glanders is a reportable disease in many countries, and healthcare workers should be aware of the risk of transmission from infected animals or contaminated materials. Prompt recognition and treatment of glanders are crucial to prevent severe illness and death.
**Correct Answer:** C. Burkholderia mallei.