**Core Concept**
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection characterized by recurrent episodes of painful skin lesions and ulcers in the genital area. It is caused by a viral infection that involves the reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the nerve cells.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is HSV type 2 (HSV-2), which is the primary cause of genital herpes. However, HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) can also cause genital herpes, although it is less common. HSV-2 is highly contagious and can be spread through skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. The virus infects the nerve cells in the genital area, leading to the development of painful blisters and ulcers.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because HSV-1 is not the primary cause of genital herpes, although it can cause it in some cases.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because there is no established link between genital herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV).
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the cause of infectious mononucleosis, not genital herpes.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Genital herpes can be diagnosed through a physical examination, laboratory tests, and patient history. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission to others.

**Correct Answer: C. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the cause of infectious mononucleosis, not genital herpes.