Gene for Wilm’s tumor is located on:
**Core Concept**
The question is testing knowledge of the genetic basis of Wilm's tumor, a type of kidney cancer that primarily affects children. The correct answer involves identifying the specific chromosome and gene that is mutated in this condition.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Wilm's tumor is associated with mutations in the WT1 gene, which is located on the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p13). The WT1 gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the development and growth of the kidneys. Mutations in this gene can lead to the uncontrolled growth of kidney cells, resulting in Wilm's tumor. The WT1 gene is a tumor suppressor gene, and its inactivation or loss of function can contribute to the development of this cancer.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because the gene for Wilm's tumor is not located on chromosome 15.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the gene for Wilm's tumor is not associated with the long arm of chromosome 11 (11q).
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because the gene for Wilm's tumor is not located on the X chromosome.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The WT1 gene is not only associated with Wilm's tumor but also with other conditions such as Denys-Drash syndrome and Frasier syndrome. These conditions are characterized by the combination of Wilm's tumor, genital abnormalities, and kidney disease.
**Correct Answer:** C. 11p13