**Question:** Which of the following is NOT true regarding gastroschisis and omphalocele?

A. Gastroschisis and omphalocele are two types of congenital abdominal wall defects in infants.
B. Both conditions are caused by failure of the abdominal wall to close during fetal development.
C. Gastroschisis includes only the small intestine, whereas omphalocele includes both the intestines and liver.
D. Both conditions typically lead to immediate life-threatening complications and require emergency surgery.

**Correct Answer: C. Gastroschisis includes only the small intestine, whereas omphalocele includes both the intestines and liver.**

**Core Concept:**
Gastroschisis and omphalocele are congenital abdominal wall defects that occur when the abdominal wall fails to close properly during fetal development. Both conditions involve herniation of abdominal organs through a defect in the abdominal wall. Gastroschisis mainly involves the small intestine, while omphalocele includes not only the intestines but also the liver and sometimes other abdominal organs.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
Option C is correct because it accurately distinguishes between the two conditions based on the organs involved. In gastroschisis, the small intestine herniates through the abdominal wall defect, while omphalocele encompasses a wider range of organs, including the intestines, liver, and sometimes other abdominal organs.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
Option A is incorrect because omphalocele includes a broader range of organs than gastroschisis, which primarily involves the small intestine. Option B is incorrect because the actual cause of these conditions is not relevant to the distinction between gastroschisis and omphalocele. Option D is incorrect because both conditions require urgent surgery and pose significant risks to the infant's health and survival.

**Clinical Pearl:**
Gastroschisis and omphalocele are important to distinguish due to the different organs involved and management strategies. While both conditions require emergency surgery, the specific organs herniating through the abdominal wall defect determines the surgical approach and postoperative care required. Gastroschisis typically involves only the small intestine, while omphalocele involves a wider range of organs. Understanding this distinction is crucial for optimal management and patient care.