Most common complication of chronic gastric ulcer is
**Core Concept**
Chronic gastric ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer disease caused by the breakdown of the protective lining of the stomach, allowing acid to damage the underlying tissue. The risk of complications increases with the duration and severity of the ulcer.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Perforation is the most common complication of chronic gastric ulcers due to the thinning and weakening of the ulcer crater wall. As the ulcer erodes through the stomach wall, it can lead to a perforation, which allows stomach contents to leak into the peritoneal cavity, causing peritonitis. This is often a medical emergency requiring immediate surgical intervention. The mechanism involves the continuous acid secretion and the thinning of the gastric mucosa, making it vulnerable to perforation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Tea pot stomach refers to a condition where the stomach is severely scarred and contracted, often as a result of chronic gastric ulcers. While it is a potential complication, it is not the most common one.
**Option B:** Adenocarcinoma is a type of stomach cancer that can arise from chronic gastric ulcers. However, it is a less common complication compared to perforation.
**Option D:** Haemorrhage is a potential complication of chronic gastric ulcers, but it is not as common as perforation. Bleeding can occur due to the erosion of blood vessels in the ulcer crater.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Chronic gastric ulcers are often associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A high index of suspicion for complications such as perforation is essential in the management of chronic gastric ulcers.
**Correct Answer:**
β Correct Answer: C. Perforation