**Core Concept**
The Framingham Heart Study is a landmark epidemiological research project that has been ongoing since 1948, aiming to identify the common factors that contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease in adults.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The study has been instrumental in identifying the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, and diabetes. The study has also provided valuable insights into the importance of lifestyle modifications, such as regular physical activity and a healthy diet, in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The researchers have used a prospective cohort study design, following a large group of participants over several decades to examine the associations between various risk factors and the development of cardiovascular disease.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This is not a correct description of the Framingham Heart Study.
**Option B:** This option is also incorrect as the study is not focused solely on the elderly population.
**Option C:** While the study has identified several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, it is not primarily a study on hypertension.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The Framingham Heart Study has provided a wealth of information on the importance of lifestyle modifications in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, and its findings have been widely used to inform public health recommendations and guidelines.

**Correct Answer: B. The Framingham Heart Study is a long-term, ongoing cardiovascular cohort study on residents of the town of Framingham, Massachusetts.**