**Core Concept**
Fractures associated with high mortality and morbidity are those that compromise vital structures, such as blood vessels, nerves, or organs. These fractures often require prompt and accurate diagnosis to prevent long-term complications and improve patient outcomes.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **C. Femoral Shaft Fracture**. Femoral shaft fractures are associated with high mortality and morbidity due to the risk of bleeding, compartment syndrome, and potential damage to surrounding structures such as the femoral artery and nerve. These fractures can lead to significant morbidity, including prolonged hospital stays, multiple surgeries, and long-term disability. The high-energy nature of femoral shaft fractures often results in significant soft tissue damage, which can increase the risk of complications.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Hip Fractures, while serious, are not typically associated with high mortality and morbidity in the same way as femoral shaft fractures. Hip fractures often have a more straightforward treatment approach and typically do not compromise vital structures.
* **Option B:** Tibial Plateau Fractures can be complex and may require surgical intervention, but they are not typically associated with the same level of mortality and morbidity as femoral shaft fractures.
* **Option D:** Scaphoid Fractures are common and can be challenging to treat, but they are not typically associated with high mortality and morbidity.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Femoral shaft fractures often require prompt and accurate diagnosis to prevent long-term complications, such as compartment syndrome and avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Early recognition and treatment of these fractures can significantly improve patient outcomes.

**Correct Answer:** C. Femoral Shaft Fracture