Formation of one of the following is essential for success of this instrument?
Correct Answer: Chignon
Description: Ans. B. Chignona. Ventouse, also known as vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery or vacuum extraction (VE), is a method to assist delivery of a baby using a vacuum device. It is used in the second stage of labor if it has not progressed adequately. It may be an alternative to a forceps delivery and caesarean section. It cannot be used when the baby is in the breech position or for premature births. The use of VE is generally safe, but it can occasionally have negative effects on either the mother or the child. The term comes from the French word for "suction cup. "Indications;b. Maternal exhaustion.c. Prolonged second stage of labor.d. Foetal distress in the second stage of labor.e. Maternal illness where prolonged "bearing down" or pushing efforts would be risky (e.g. cardiac conditions, blood pressure, aneurysm, glaucoma).TechniqueThe woman is placed in the lithotomy position and assists throughout the process by pushing. A suction cup is placed onto the head of the baby and the suction draws the skin from the scalp into the cup. Correct placement of the cup directly over the flexion point, about 3cm anterior from the occipital (posterior) fontanelle, is critical to the success of a VE. Ventouse devices have handles to allow for traction. When the baby's head is delivered, the device is detached, allowing the birthing attendant and the mother to complete the delivery of the baby.For proper use of the ventouse, the maternal cervix has to be fully dilated, the head engaged in the birth canal, and the head position known. If the ventouse attempt fails, it may be necessary to deliver the infant by forceps or caesarean section.Positive aspectsa. An episiotomy may not be required.b. The mother still takes an active role in the birth.c. No special anesthesia is required.d. The force applied to the baby can be less than that of a forceps delivery, and leaves no marks on the face.e. There is less potential for maternal trauma compared to forceps and caesarean section.Negative aspectsa. The baby will be left with a temporary lump on its head, known as a chignon.b. There is a possibility of cephalohematoma formation, or subgaleal hemorrhage.c. There is a higher risk of failure to deliver the baby than forceps, and an increased likelihood of needing a Caesarean section
Category:
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
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