## **Core Concept**
Retrolental fibroplasia, also known as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is a disease of the eye affecting prematurely born babies. The condition involves abnormal growth of retinal blood vessels, which can lead to blindness. Oxygen therapy is a critical factor in the management and prevention of ROP.

## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer involves maintaining a certain level of oxygen saturation (SpO2) in premature infants to prevent ROP. Research and clinical guidelines suggest that maintaining **SpO2 between 90-95%** can help reduce the risk of ROP without causing significant hypoxia or hyperoxia. This range helps in minimizing the risk of both under-oxygenation and over-oxygenation, which are harmful.

## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** 95% could lead to hyperoxia, which is known to contribute to the development of ROP by causing vaso-obliteration and subsequent neovascularization.
- **Option D:** Keeping SpO2 > 98% would likely result in hyperoxia, increasing the risk of ROP.

## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical pearl is that strict control of oxygen saturation in premature infants is crucial for preventing ROP. The American Academy of Pediatrics and other guidelines often recommend targeting a specific range of oxygen saturation to minimize the risk of ROP and other complications.

## **Correct Answer:** . 90-95%