**Question:** Following is least common about angiodysplasia of colon:

A. Angiodysplasia is a rare condition affecting the elderly population.
B. Angiodysplasia is primarily caused by genetic mutations.
C. Angiodysplasia is often associated with bleeding.
D. Angiodysplasia is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia.

**Correct Answer:** **D. Angiodysplasia is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia.**

**Core Concept:** Angiodysplasia is a type of vascular malformation affecting the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the colon. It is characterized by the presence of multiple small, irregular dilated blood vessels within the mucosa, leading to increased blood flow and potential bleeding.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Angiodysplasia is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia because of the frequent episodes of occult bleeding from the abnormal blood vessels. The small size and irregular shape of these vessels make them prone to rupture, leading to intermittent hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, patients with angiodysplasia often present with symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and low hemoglobin levels due to iron deficiency.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Although angiodysplasia is more common in the elderly population, the statement "rare condition affecting the elderly population" is incorrect. Angiodysplasia can occur at any age and is not limited to the elderly population.

B. While genetic mutations have been implicated in the development of some cases of angiodysplasia, the statement that "Angiodysplasia is primarily caused by genetic mutations" is not entirely accurate. The exact etiology of angiodysplasia is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

C. Angiodysplasia is not a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and can potentially lead to severe anemia. While it is not always associated with iron deficiency anemia, angiodysplasia can cause visible or occult bleeding, depending on the size and location of the lesions.

D. As explained above, the correct answer is that angiodysplasia is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia due to the frequent episodes of occult bleeding. The statement "Angiodysplasia is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia" aligns with the clinical presentation and management strategies for this condition.

**Clinical Pearl:** Angiodysplasia is often diagnosed through fecal occult blood testing and endoscopy. Treatment options include endoscopic mucosal resection, thermal ablation techniques, or medical management with vasoconstrictive agents, depending on the size, location, and symptoms of the lesions. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for preventing severe anemia and its complications.