The gonadotropic hormones LH and FSH are synthesized and secreted by gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary in response to stimulation by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). FSH and LH exe their physiologic effects on multiple cells of the reproductive system by binding to Gs protein-coupled receptors and activation of adenylate cyclase. Among the target cells for gonadotropins are ovarian granulosa cells, theca interna cells, testicular Seoli cells, and Leydig cells. The physiologic responses produced by the gonadotropins include stimulation of sex hormone synthesis (steroidogenesis), spermatogenesis, folliculogenesis, and ovulation. Ref: Molina P.E. (2010). Chapter 3. Anterior Pituitary Gland. In P.E. Molina (Ed), Endocrine Physiology, 3e.