Which of the following technique of karyotyping is done under fluorescence microscopy?
**Core Concept**
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a laboratory technique used to visualize specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. It involves the use of fluorescent probes that bind to specific chromosomal regions, allowing for the identification of genetic abnormalities.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
FISH is performed under fluorescence microscopy, which enables the visualization of fluorescently labeled probes on chromosomes. The fluorescent probes bind to specific DNA sequences, and the fluorescence is then detected using a fluorescence microscope. This technique is particularly useful for identifying translocations, deletions, and duplications.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Giemsa banding is a technique of karyotyping that involves staining chromosomes with Giemsa stain to produce a banding pattern. It is typically performed under a light microscope.
**Option B:** Quinacrine fluorescence is a technique that involves staining chromosomes with quinacrine mustard, which produces a fluorescent banding pattern. It is also performed under a fluorescence microscope, but it is not the correct answer in this context.
**Option C:** C-banding is a technique that involves staining chromosomes with a specific stain to reveal centromeric regions. It is typically performed under a light microscope.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
FISH is a highly sensitive and specific technique for detecting genetic abnormalities, and it can be used to identify a wide range of chromosomal abnormalities, including translocations, deletions, and duplications. It is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of genetic disorders.
**Correct Answer: B. Quinacrine fluorescence is a technique of karyotyping that is done under fluorescence microscopy.**