Feces are disinfected best by –
**Core Concept**
The question requires knowledge of disinfection methods for feces, specifically the most effective method to eliminate pathogens. Feces are a rich source of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, which can cause a range of diseases. Disinfection is an essential step in the management of fecal waste to prevent the spread of infections.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **C. Formaldehyde**. Formaldehyde is a potent disinfectant that is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It works by denaturing proteins and disrupting cellular functions, ultimately leading to the death of microorganisms. Formaldehyde is commonly used in hospitals and laboratories to disinfect surfaces and equipment.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Bleach is a disinfectant, but it is not as effective as formaldehyde against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Bleach can be inactivated by organic matter, making it less effective in the presence of feces.
**Option B:** Autoclaving is a method of sterilization that uses high-pressure steam to kill microorganisms. While autoclaving is effective, it is not typically used for disinfecting feces, as it requires specialized equipment and can be impractical for large quantities.
**Option C:** Sunlight has disinfectant properties, particularly against UV-sensitive microorganisms. However, sunlight is not sufficient to disinfect feces, as it may not reach the necessary intensity or duration to kill all microorganisms.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When disinfecting feces, it is essential to use a disinfectant that is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Formaldehyde is a reliable choice, but it requires proper handling and ventilation to avoid exposure.
**Correct Answer:** C. Formaldehyde