## Core Concept
The question tests knowledge on the characteristics of opioid withdrawal syndrome, which occurs when an individual who has developed physical dependence on opioids suddenly stops or significantly reduces their use. Opioid withdrawal involves a set of physical and psychological symptoms.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
Opioid withdrawal symptoms can be divided into two phases: early (acute) withdrawal and late withdrawal. Early symptoms include anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, yawning, sweating, lacrimation, and rhinorrhea, occurring within 8-12 hours after the last opioid use. Late withdrawal, occurring 72-96 hours after last use, includes symptoms like dilated pupils, tremors, muscle spasms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Among the typical features are **pupillary constriction** is not a feature; instead, **mydriasis (pupillary dilation)** is commonly observed.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
- **Option A:** Typically, symptoms like nausea and vomiting are present, making an option suggesting absence of these common.
- **Option B:** Diarrhea and abdominal cramps are classic symptoms, making an option negating these incorrect.
- **Option C:** Anxiety and restlessness are common psychological symptoms, so an option stating otherwise would be incorrect.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key clinical feature to remember is that opioid withdrawal is characterized by **mydriasis (dilated pupils)**, not miosis (constricted pupils). Opioid use itself causes miosis, but withdrawal leads to mydriasis.
## Correct Answer: D.
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
Access thousands of free MCQs, ebooks and daily exams.
By signing in you agree to our Privacy Policy.