**Core Concept**
The notochord is a critical structure in the embryonic development of chordates, including humans. It is a flexible rod-like structure that provides axial support and serves as a precursor to the vertebral column and intervertebral discs.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
During embryonic development, the notochord is involved in the formation of the vertebral column and intervertebral discs. Specifically, the notochord induces the formation of the sclerotome, which eventually gives rise to the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs. This process is mediated by the expression of various signaling molecules, including Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). The notochord also serves as a scaffold for the formation of the vertebral column, providing a template for the organization of the developing vertebrae.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Not applicable, as the question asks about the fate of the notochord, not the structure itself.
**Option B:** The notochord is not directly involved in the formation of the dorsal root ganglia, which are derived from the neural tube.
**Option C:** While the notochord is involved in the formation of the vertebral column, it is not directly responsible for the development of the neural tube.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The notochord is a critical structure in the embryonic development of chordates, and its abnormalities can lead to congenital disorders such as spina bifida and vertebral anomalies.

**Correct Answer: C. Vertebral column**