False statement regarding DIC is:
**Core Concept**
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex condition characterized by both widespread clotting and bleeding in the vascular system. It involves the activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi and the consumption of clotting factors and platelets, ultimately resulting in a state of coagulopathy.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of DIC. In DIC, the activation of the coagulation cascade leads to the formation of thrombin, which in turn converts fibrinogen to fibrin, resulting in the formation of microthrombi. The consumption of clotting factors and platelets leads to a state of coagulopathy, characterized by prolonged clotting times, thrombocytopenia, and the presence of schistocytes in the blood smear.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because DIC is characterized by the consumption of clotting factors and platelets, leading to a state of coagulopathy, not an increase in clotting factors.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because DIC is a condition of both thrombosis and bleeding, not just thrombosis.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because DIC is characterized by the activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi, not just the presence of microthrombi.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to remember that DIC is a diagnosis of exclusion, and a comprehensive laboratory evaluation, including coagulation studies, imaging studies, and histopathological examination, is necessary to establish the diagnosis.
**Correct Answer:** D.