**Core Concept**
Microsatellites, also known as short tandem repeats (STRs), are repeating sequences of DNA that are scattered throughout the genome. They are used as genetic markers for forensic analysis, paternity testing, and genetic mapping.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Microsatellites are highly polymorphic, meaning they have a high degree of genetic variation among individuals. This is due to the fact that they are prone to mutations, such as insertions or deletions, which can result in different lengths of the repeat sequence. This variability makes microsatellites useful for identifying individuals and tracing ancestry.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Microsatellites are not necessarily found in coding regions of the genome. While they can be located in non-coding regions, they are often found in intergenic regions or in introns.
**Option B:** Microsatellites are not typically used as a diagnostic tool for genetic disorders. While they can be associated with certain diseases, their primary use is in forensic and genetic mapping applications.
**Option C:** Microsatellites are not necessarily associated with genetic diseases. While some microsatellite expansions can lead to genetic disorders, many microsatellites are benign and do not cause disease.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that microsatellites are highly variable and can be used to identify individuals, but they are not always associated with genetic diseases.

**Correct Answer: D. Microsatellites are not typically used as a diagnostic tool for genetic disorders.**