A surgeon removes a pa of liver to left of falciparum ligament, which segment of liver is removed ?
**Core Concept**
The liver is divided into eight segments based on the Couinaud classification, each with its own unique blood supply and drainage. The falciform ligament is a fibrous structure that separates the medial segment of the left lobe from the rest of the liver.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The left half of the liver, to the left of the falciform ligament, consists of the medial segment of the left lobe (segment IV). The falciform ligament attaches to the free edge of the left lobe, which includes segments II and III. The surgeon's incision to the left of the falciform ligament suggests that segment IV is the area being removed. This is because the left medial segment (IV) receives its blood supply from the left hepatic artery and drains into the left hepatic vein.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This is not a specific segment of the liver.
**Option B:** Segment III is located to the right of the falciform ligament, so it would not be removed by an incision to the left.
**Option C:** Segment II is a part of the left lateral segment, which is located to the right of the falciform ligament, making it an incorrect choice.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To remember the segments of the liver, use the mnemonic "Ivory IV", which stands for the left medial segment (IV). The rest of the segments can be recalled using the " Left Lateral (II, III) and Right (V, VI, VII, VIII)" mnemonic.
**Correct Answer: D. Segment IV.**