True about measles is/are a) Incubation period (I.P.) is 10-12 days b) Confunctivitis common c) Rash starts on abdomen d) Koplik spots are seen on fundus examination

**Core Concept**
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus, characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, and a distinctive rash. The disease has a well-defined incubation period, clinical features, and complications.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, A. ab, is correct because the incubation period of measles is indeed around 10-12 days (a), and conjunctivitis is a common complication of measles (b). The measles virus targets the respiratory tract and spreads to other parts of the body, including the eyes, leading to conjunctivitis. The incubation period is the time between exposure to the virus and the onset of symptoms.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option B:** The rash in measles typically starts on the face and then spreads to other parts of the body, not on the abdomen (c). Koplik spots are a characteristic oral lesion in measles, not seen on fundus examination (d).
* **Option C:** Koplik spots are a hallmark of measles, appearing as small, white spots on the inside of the cheeks, not seen on fundus examination (d). The rash in measles typically starts on the face and then spreads to other parts of the body, not on the abdomen (c).
* **Option D:** Conjunctivitis is a common complication of measles (b), but the rash starts on the face, not the abdomen (c).

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Koplik spots are a characteristic oral lesion in measles, appearing as small, white spots on the inside of the cheeks, and are a valuable diagnostic clue in suspected measles cases.

**✓ Correct Answer: A. ab**