A 1 year old boy is brought to the OPD by his parents with complaints of inability to gain weight and chronic diarrhoea. He was growing well till the age of 6 months. After that, he staed to develop recurrent episodes of pneumonia. Family history is positive for similar symptoms in a maternal uncle. On examination, he is below the 3rd percentile for weight. Tonsils are absent. Stool is positive for Giardia. Which of the following is not true regarding his condition?

**Core Concept**
The underlying condition in this 1-year-old boy is likely a primary immunodeficiency disorder, given his recurrent infections, failure to thrive, and positive family history. This condition is characterized by an impaired immune system, making the child more susceptible to infections.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The boy's symptoms, such as recurrent pneumonia, chronic diarrhea, and failure to gain weight, suggest a compromised immune system. The presence of _Giardia_ in his stool indicates an opportunistic infection, which is common in immunocompromised individuals. The absence of tonsils also points towards a primary immunodeficiency disorder, as tonsillectomy is sometimes performed in these cases to reduce the risk of recurrent infections.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option might be incorrect as it does not provide any relevant information about the boy's condition. However, without more context, it's hard to determine its accuracy.
**Option B:** This option might be incorrect as it could be a symptom of the boy's condition, but without more information, it's hard to determine its relevance.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a characteristic of his condition. Children with primary immunodeficiency disorders are indeed more susceptible to infections, including those caused by common pathogens.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it is a common feature of primary immunodeficiency disorders. Individuals with these disorders often have difficulty fighting off infections, leading to recurrent episodes of illness.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Primary immunodeficiency disorders can present with a range of symptoms, including recurrent infections, failure to thrive, and unusual susceptibility to opportunistic infections. A thorough family history and physical examination are essential in diagnosing these conditions.

**Correct Answer:** D.

✓ Correct Answer: C. Both humoral and cell mediated immunity are affected