Which bone tumour arises from an area around epiphyseal plate: March 2011
**Core Concept**
Osteosarcoma, also known as osteogenic sarcoma, is a primary malignant bone tumour that originates from the mesenchymal cells around the epiphyseal plate. This type of tumour is known for its rapid growth and potential for metastasis.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is a region of cartilage at the ends of long bones where new bone growth occurs. Osteosarcoma arises from the cells surrounding the epiphyseal plate, which are responsible for bone formation. This tumour type is characterized by the production of abnormal bone matrix, leading to the formation of osteoid tissue. The rapid growth of osteosarcoma is often associated with the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis and metastasis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Chondrosarcoma is a type of malignant bone tumour that arises from cartilage cells, typically in the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones.
**Option B:** Ewing's sarcoma is a malignant bone tumour that arises from the medullary cavity of long bones, often in the diaphysis or metaphysis.
**Option C:** Osteoblastoma is a benign bone tumour that arises from osteoblasts in the cortex of long bones.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents, often presenting with pain, swelling, and a palpable mass around the knee.
**Correct Answer: C. Osteoblastoma**