A 40-year-old woman with a history of hyperparathyroidism presents with a 2-month history of burning epigastric pain. The pain can be relieved with antacids or food. The patient also repos a recent history of tarry stools. She denies taking aspirin or NSAIDs. Laboratory studies show a microcytic, hypochromic anemia . Gastroscopy reveals a bleeding mucosal defect in the antrum. Which of the following best characterizes the pathogenesis of epigastric pain in this patient?

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Vikas Bhardwaj
Medical Technologist, AIIMS New Delhi
Updated: Apr 17, 2026