A patient presents to the clinic with pain in the right hand following a fall. Xray of right upper limb reveals fracture of the medial epicondyle of humerus. Which of the following nerve is most liked to be damaged in this patient?
**Core Concept**
The medial epicondyle of the humerus is a common site for fractures, particularly in children. The ulnar nerve runs close to this area and is susceptible to injury due to its anatomical proximity.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The ulnar nerve is responsible for innervating muscles in the forearm and hand, including the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum profundus. It also provides sensation to the little finger and half of the ring finger. In the context of a fracture of the medial epicondyle, the ulnar nerve is at risk of damage due to its close proximity to the fracture site. This can result in nerve compression or stretch, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the areas innervated by the ulnar nerve.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The median nerve is more likely to be damaged in a fracture of the shaft of the humerus or a dislocation of the elbow joint.
**Option B:** The radial nerve is more commonly associated with fractures of the shaft of the humerus or the lateral epicondyle.
**Option C:** The axillary nerve is more commonly associated with shoulder injuries, such as dislocations or fractures of the proximal humerus.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In patients with a fracture of the medial epicondyle, it is essential to assess for ulnar nerve damage, which can manifest as numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand.
**Correct Answer:** C. The radial nerve is more commonly associated with fractures of the shaft of the humerus or the lateral epicondyle.