Enzyme raised in obstructive jaundice is –
The main enzymes I recall are alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). These are more specific for cholestatic conditions, unlike transaminases (ALT, AST) which are elevated in hepatocellular injury. So, if the question is about obstructive jaundice, the answer is likely ALP or GGT.
Looking at the options, the correct answer should be ALP. Let me confirm: in obstructive jaundice, the bile flow is blocked, causing bilirubin to back up. This also affects the excretion of ALP, which is normally in bile. The liver cells release more ALP into the blood as a compensatory mechanism. GGT is another enzyme that's elevated, but ALP is more classic.
Now, the wrong options. If the options include ALT or AST, those are for liver cell damage, like in hepatitis. Bilirubin is a marker but not an enzyme. Creatine kinase might be listed as a distractor for muscle injury.
Clinical pearl: Remember that in obstructive jaundice, ALP and GGT are elevated, while in hepatocellular disease, ALT and AST are higher. The ratio of ALP to ALT can help differentiate. Also, GGT can be used to confirm if ALP is from the liver or another source, like bone disease.
So, the correct answer is ALP. Let me structure the explanation with the required sections, keeping each part concise and within the character limit.
**Core Concept**
Obstructive jaundice, caused by bile duct obstruction, leads to cholestasis. Elevated **alkaline phosphatase (ALP)** and **gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)** are hallmark laboratory findings due to bile stasis and subsequent enzyme release from bile duct cells.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In obstructive jaundice, bile flow is blocked (e.g., by gallstones, tumors), causing bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin to accumulate. **ALP** is synthesized in bile duct epithelium and leaks into circulation when bile flow is obstructed. **GGT** also rises but is less specific. These enzymes are cholangiolytic markers, distinct from transaminases (ALT/AST) which indicate hepatocellular injury.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** *ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)* is elevated in hepatocellular damage (e.g., viral hepatitis), not cholestasis.
**Option B:** *AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)* rises in liver cell injury or muscle damage, not specifically in obstructive jaundice.
**Option D:** *Creatine kinase* is a muscle enzyme elevated in rhabdomyolysis or myocardial infarction, unrelated to bile obstruction.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember the **"cholestasis cocktail"**: **ALP and GGT** dominate in obstructive jaundice, while **ALT