Animal to man transmission (zoonosis) is seen in -a) Rabiesb) Japanese encephalitisc) HIVd) Plaguee) Measles
**Question:** Animal to man transmission (zoonosis) is seen in - a) Rabies, b) Japanese encephalitis, c) HIV, d) Plague, e) Measles
**Core Concept:** Zoonosis is a medical term that refers to diseases transmitted to humans from animals. These diseases can originate from various animal species and can have significant public health implications, as they may result in outbreaks and impact global health strategies.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer, option D (Plague), is due to the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected fleas or rats. The disease can spread to other animals and humans, making it a zoonotic infection.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
a) Rabies (option A) is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected dogs, bats, or other mammals. While rabies can be considered a zoonosis, it is not primarily transmitted through humans.
b) Japanese encephalitis (option B) is transmitted through mosquitoes infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus, which affects primarily pigs and birds. Although humans can be infected, it is less common than the other options.
c) HIV (option C) is primarily transmitted through blood, sex, or mother-to-child transmission, not direct zoonotic transmission.
e) Measles (option E) is a viral infection transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets from an infected person. While it can occur in animals like rodents or bats, the primary mode of transmission is not through zoonotic means.
**Clinical Pearl:** Understanding the mode of transmission for zoonotic diseases is essential for public health professionals to implement preventive strategies, such as vaccinations and vector control measures, to reduce the risk of zoonotic infections in human populations.
**Correct Answer:** D) Plague