Eastern equine encephalitis virus is associated with a high fatality rate. Control of the disease could be possible by eradication of
**Core Concept**
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a zoonotic viral disease caused by an alphavirus, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes. It affects the central nervous system, leading to severe encephalitis with high mortality rates in humans. The primary reservoir of the virus is birds, and the primary vector is mosquitoes, particularly Culex and Aedes species.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
EEE is maintained in the environment through a cycle of transmission between birds and mosquitoes. Control of the disease is most effective through the eradication of the primary reservoir and vector. In this case, the correct answer is the primary vector, which is mosquitoes. Eradicating mosquitoes would break the transmission cycle, reducing the incidence of EEE. However, it's challenging to eradicate mosquitoes entirely, but controlling their population can significantly reduce the spread of the disease.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Birds are the primary reservoir of the virus, but eradicating them would not control the spread of the disease, as they are not the primary vectors.
* **Option B:** While rodents can be infected with EEE, they are not the primary reservoir or vector, making them an incorrect choice.
* **Option D:** Humans are not the primary reservoir or vector of EEE, and eradicating them would not control the spread of the disease.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
EEE has a high fatality rate, with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 90% depending on the age and severity of the disease. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial in reducing mortality rates.
**Correct Answer: C. Mosquitoes**