True about EMLA:
**Core Concept**
EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics) is a topical anesthetic cream used to numb the skin before minor surgical procedures or injections. It contains a combination of two local anesthetics, lidocaine and prilocaine, which work synergistically to provide effective analgesia.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
EMLA cream is a mixture of local anesthetics, specifically lidocaine and prilocaine, which are both amide-type local anesthetics. These two agents have a eutectic point, a mixture of two substances with a lower melting point than either substance alone, allowing for easier absorption through the skin. The combination of lidocaine and prilocaine in EMLA cream results in a faster onset of action compared to using either agent alone, due to the synergistic effect of the two agents on the sodium channels of nerve fibers.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** EMLA cream is not suitable for use in intubation due to its topical application and lack of systemic absorption, which would be necessary for effective muscle relaxation and airway management.
**Option C:** While EMLA cream has a faster onset of action compared to using either lidocaine or prilocaine alone, it is not necessarily faster acting than other topical anesthetic creams.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
EMLA cream should be applied to the skin 30-60 minutes before the procedure to allow for adequate absorption and onset of action. It is essential to note that EMLA cream should not be used on broken or irritated skin, as this can lead to increased systemic absorption and potential toxicity.
**β Correct Answer: B. Mixture of local anesthesia**