False about Echinococcus granulosus is
**Core Concept**
Echinococcus granulosus is a parasitic tapeworm responsible for causing cystic echinococcosis (also known as hydatid disease), a zoonotic infection that affects humans and other animals. This disease is characterized by the formation of cysts in various organs, particularly the liver and lungs, due to the larval stages of the parasite.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer choice is related to the life cycle and transmission dynamics of Echinococcus granulosus. This parasite has a complex life cycle involving two definitive hosts (usually canines) and various intermediate hosts (including humans). The transmission of the disease occurs through the fecal-oral route, where the eggs of the parasite are ingested by the intermediate host. Once ingested, the eggs hatch, and the larvae penetrate the intestinal wall, eventually reaching the liver and other organs via the bloodstream.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because Echinococcus granulosus is indeed a parasitic tapeworm that causes cystic echinococcosis. The disease is characterized by the formation of cysts in various organs, which can cause significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because Echinococcus granulosus is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, where the eggs of the parasite are ingested by the intermediate host. While other modes of transmission may occur, this is the primary mechanism of transmission.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic parasite, meaning it can infect both humans and animals. The disease is not exclusive to humans, and animals such as dogs, sheep, and goats can also serve as intermediate hosts.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because Echinococcus granulosus is not typically associated with skin lesions. While skin involvement can occur, it is not a characteristic feature of the disease.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis often relies on imaging studies, such as ultrasound or CT scans, which can detect the characteristic cysts in various organs. Surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases, particularly if the cysts are large or causing significant symptoms.
**Correct Answer: C.**