Each of the following is hallmark of celiac sprue except-
## **Core Concept**
Celiac sprue, also known as celiac disease, is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the small intestine, triggered by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The condition leads to mucosal damage, malabsorption, and various clinical manifestations. Key hallmarks include villous atrophy, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, and crypt hyperplasia.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Option correctly identifies a feature not typically associated with celiac sprue. Celiac disease is characterized by:
- Villous atrophy
- Increased intraepithelial lymphocytes
- Crypt hyperplasia
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** is a hallmark of celiac sprue, reflecting the immune-mediated damage to the intestinal mucosa.
- **Option B:** is also characteristic, indicating the chronic inflammation and immune response.
- **Option C:** represents the typical histological findings, showing the architectural changes in the intestinal mucosa.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical pearl is that celiac disease can present with atypical or extraintestinal symptoms, and it's associated with other autoimmune conditions. Serological tests (e.g., tTG, EMA, AGA) are crucial for diagnosis, alongside histological examination of intestinal biopsies.
## **Correct Answer:** .