Drug which can cause Hyperophic Pyloric stenosis is:
**Core Concept**
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a condition characterized by thickening of the pyloric muscle, leading to obstruction of the gastric outlet. This condition is often associated with infants but can also be caused by certain medications that affect the gastrointestinal tract.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is metoclopramide, a prokinetic agent that increases acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, enhancing gastrointestinal motility. However, in some cases, prolonged use of metoclopramide can lead to hypertrophic pyloric stenosis due to its effect on the smooth muscle of the pylorus. This is thought to be related to the drug's ability to increase the contractility of the pyloric sphincter, potentially leading to hypertrophy and stenosis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that reduces gastric acid secretion. It is not associated with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
**Option B:** Domperidone is another prokinetic agent that also increases gastrointestinal motility. However, it is less likely to cause hypertrophic pyloric stenosis compared to metoclopramide.
**Option C:** Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that reduces gastric acid secretion. It is not associated with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Metoclopramide can cause a range of extrapyramidal side effects, including dystonia and parkinsonian symptoms, particularly in children and elderly patients. It is essential to monitor patients for these side effects, especially when using high doses or for extended periods.
**Correct Answer:** C. Metoclopramide.