Drug that is safe in G6PD deficiency:
**Core Concept**
G6PD deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, leading to hemolysis upon exposure to certain oxidizing agents. These agents trigger the formation of reactive oxygen species, which deplete NADPH and cause red blood cell damage.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is a drug that does not trigger hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. This is because it does not form reactive oxygen species or induce oxidative stress in red blood cells. Certain antimalarial drugs, such as **primaquine**, are known to exacerbate G6PD deficiency by generating reactive oxygen species. In contrast, the correct answer is a drug that is considered safe for use in patients with G6PD deficiency.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is a known oxidizing agent that can trigger hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. It forms reactive oxygen species that deplete NADPH and cause red blood cell damage.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a sulfonamide antibiotic that can also induce hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency. Sulfonamides are known to form reactive oxygen species and exacerbate oxidative stress in red blood cells.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a quinolone antibiotic that can also trigger hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. Quinolones are known to form reactive oxygen species and induce oxidative stress in red blood cells.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When prescribing medications to patients with G6PD deficiency, it is essential to consider the potential for hemolysis and choose medications that are known to be safe. This includes avoiding oxidizing agents, sulfonamides, and quinolones.
**Correct Answer: D. Chloroquine**