Drug of choice for cerebral malaria is –
**Core Concept**
Cerebral malaria is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, characterized by the sequestration of infected erythrocytes in the cerebral microvasculature. The treatment of cerebral malaria requires prompt and effective antimalarial therapy to prevent further neurological damage and mortality.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The drug of choice for cerebral malaria is artesunate, a derivative of artemisinin. Artesunate has a rapid onset of action, which is critical in the management of cerebral malaria. It works by generating free radicals that damage the parasite's cell membrane, ultimately leading to its death. Artesunate also has a favorable safety profile and is effective in reducing mortality rates in patients with cerebral malaria.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Quinine is an older antimalarial agent that is still used in some cases, but it is not the preferred choice for cerebral malaria due to its slower onset of action and higher risk of side effects.
* **Option B:** Chloroquine is ineffective against Plasmodium falciparum, as resistance to this parasite is widespread.
* **Option C:** Mefloquine is another antimalarial agent, but it is not typically used for cerebral malaria due to its slower onset of action and potential for neurotoxicity.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Artemisinin-based therapies, such as artesunate, are the first-line treatment for cerebral malaria due to their rapid onset of action and high efficacy.
**Correct Answer: C. Artesunate**