Drug of choice for acute adrenal insufficiency is ?
**Core Concept**
The question requires knowledge of the pharmacological management of acute adrenal insufficiency, a life-threatening condition where the adrenal glands fail to produce adequate cortisol and aldosterone. The correct answer involves a medication that rapidly increases cortisol levels to maintain vital functions.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The drug of choice for acute adrenal insufficiency is hydrocortisone, which is a synthetic form of cortisol. It works by mimicking the effects of cortisol in the body, including maintaining blood pressure, regulating electrolyte balance, and supporting the immune system. Hydrocortisone is administered intravenously in acute situations to rapidly increase cortisol levels and prevent further complications.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Glucagon is incorrect because, although it can raise blood sugar levels, it does not replace cortisol's effects on electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
**Option B:** Insulin is incorrect because it would worsen adrenal insufficiency by lowering blood sugar levels, which are already compromised in this condition.
**Option C:** Aldosterone is incorrect because it is the hormone whose deficiency leads to adrenal insufficiency; administering it would not address the cortisol deficiency.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In acute adrenal insufficiency, the administration of hydrocortisone should be accompanied by careful monitoring of blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and blood glucose levels to prevent further complications.
**Correct Answer: C. Hydrocortisone**