**Core Concept**
Drug-induced hepatitis is a well-known side effect of certain medications, particularly those that are metabolized by the liver or cause direct hepatocellular damage. Among the drugs listed, some are known to cause liver damage due to their mechanism of action or metabolic byproducts.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, primarily causes nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity rather than hepatotoxicity. Its mechanism of action involves binding to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Unlike the other options, streptomycin does not have a direct hepatotoxic effect, making it the least likely to be implicated in drug-induced hepatitis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Isoniazid is a well-known hepatotoxin, particularly when used in combination with rifampicin. It can cause a severe form of hepatitis, and its use is often limited by liver enzyme elevations.
**Option C:** Rifampicin is another key component of the antitubercular regimen, and it can cause liver damage, particularly when used in high doses or for extended periods. Its metabolism involves the cytochrome P450 system, which can be affected by various factors, increasing the risk of hepatotoxicity.
**Option D:** Pyrazinamide is also a common antitubercular agent that can cause liver enzyme elevations and, in rare cases, severe hepatitis. Its hepatotoxic potential is thought to be related to its ability to induce the cytochrome P450 system and form toxic metabolites.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When using antitubercular medications, it's essential to monitor liver function tests regularly, especially when initiating therapy or changing regimens. This helps identify potential hepatotoxicity early, allowing for prompt intervention and minimizing the risk of severe liver damage.
**β Correct Answer: B. Streptomycin**
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
Access thousands of free MCQs, ebooks and daily exams.
By signing in you agree to our Privacy Policy.