Antigaucomatous drug causing spasm of accommodation
**Core Concept**
Antiglaucomatous medications can have various side effects, including effects on the muscarinic receptors in the eye, which control the ciliary muscles responsible for accommodation. Pilocarpine, a direct cholinergic agonist, stimulates these receptors, leading to miosis and spasm of accommodation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Pilocarpine works by stimulating the muscarinic receptors in the eye, particularly M3 receptors in the ciliary muscle. This stimulation causes the ciliary muscle to contract, which leads to increased tension on the zonular fibers and subsequent spasm of accommodation. This is a common side effect of pilocarpine, especially at high doses. The spasm of accommodation can cause blurred vision, especially at near distances.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Timolol is a beta-blocker that reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production. It does not have a direct effect on the muscarinic receptors or cause spasm of accommodation.
**Option C:** Dorzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production. It does not have a direct effect on the muscarinic receptors or cause spasm of accommodation.
**Option D:** Latanoprost is a prostaglandin analog that reduces intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow. It does not have a direct effect on the muscarinic receptors or cause spasm of accommodation.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When prescribing antiglaucomatous medications, it's essential to consider the potential side effects, including the effects on accommodation. Pilocarpine is a good example of a medication that can cause spasm of accommodation, especially at high doses. This is a critical consideration for patients who require near vision, such as readers or surgeons.
**β Correct Answer: B. Pilocarpine**