Drug causing hemolysis in G6PD deficiency –
**Core Concept**
G6PD (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the enzyme responsible for maintaining the integrity of red blood cells. In individuals with G6PD deficiency, oxidative stress can lead to hemolysis, or the breakdown of red blood cells, which can be triggered by certain medications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is a medication that can cause oxidative stress, leading to hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. This occurs because the medication is metabolized to a compound that can reduce the levels of NADPH, an essential cofactor for the enzyme G6PD. The reduced levels of NADPH impair the ability of the enzyme to maintain the integrity of the red blood cells, leading to their breakdown.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not cause oxidative stress or reduce the levels of NADPH.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a medication that is not commonly associated with hemolysis in G6PD deficiency.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a medication that is actually used to treat G6PD deficiency, rather than exacerbating it.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A classic exam trap is to remember that certain medications, such as primaquine and sulfonamides, are commonly associated with hemolysis in G6PD deficiency. It's essential to be aware of these medications and their potential risks in patients with this condition.
**Correct Answer: D. Primaquine**