Down’s syndrome is associated with all except
**Core Concept**
Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This condition is characterized by intellectual disability, distinctive physical features, and various medical complications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The association of Down's syndrome with increased risk of certain medical conditions is attributed to the presence of extra genetic material from chromosome 21. This extra genetic material disrupts the normal functioning of various genes, leading to an increased risk of conditions such as leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as well as autoimmune disorders like Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** **Growth Hormone Deficiency** - Individuals with Down's syndrome are actually at a higher risk of developing gigantism due to an increased risk of pituitary gigantism, which is a result of an overproduction of growth hormone.
**Option B:** **Leukemia** - This is a correct association, as individuals with Down's syndrome are at an increased risk of developing leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
**Option C:** **Autoimmune Disorders** - This is also a correct association, as individuals with Down's syndrome are at an increased risk of developing autoimmune disorders like Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
**Option D:** **Hearing Loss** - This is a correct association, as individuals with Down's syndrome are at an increased risk of developing hearing loss, particularly conductive hearing loss.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that individuals with Down's syndrome are at an increased risk of developing various medical complications, and a thorough medical evaluation is crucial for early detection and management of these conditions.
**Correct Answer:** A. Growth Hormone Deficiency