Which of the following is an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase :
## Core Concept
The question tests the understanding of **antifolate drugs**, specifically those that inhibit **dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)**, an enzyme crucial for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, which is necessary for DNA synthesis and repair.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer, **. Methotrexate**, is a well-known inhibitor of **dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)**. By inhibiting DHFR, methotrexate prevents the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, which is essential for purine and thymidylate synthesis. This mechanism makes methotrexate effective in treating certain cancers and autoimmune diseases.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
* **Option A:** - This option is incorrect because is not identified as an inhibitor of DHFR.
* **Option B:** - This option is incorrect because does not specifically inhibit DHFR; it works through a different mechanism.
* **Option D:** - This option is incorrect because is not recognized as a DHFR inhibitor.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key point to remember is that **methotrexate** is used in the treatment of various conditions including certain cancers (like leukemia and lymphoma), autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis), and as an abortifacient. Its use requires careful monitoring due to potential toxicity, particularly to the bone marrow.
## Correct Answer Line
**Correct Answer: C. Methotrexate**