A preterm baby was diagnosed having PDA. Which among the following is the LEAST likely finding in this child?
**Core Concept**
The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect characterized by the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth. This results in a persistent communication between the aorta and pulmonary artery, leading to excessive blood flow to the lungs and potential complications in preterm infants.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In a preterm baby with PDA, the most common findings include respiratory distress, tachypnea, and failure to thrive. The increased blood flow to the lungs can cause pulmonary congestion and edema, leading to symptoms such as granting, flaring, and wheezing. Additionally, the increased workload on the heart can lead to cardiac hypertrophy and potential cardiac failure.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Cardiac hypertrophy is a likely finding in a preterm baby with PDA, as the increased workload on the heart can lead to thickening of the heart muscle.
**Option B:** Respiratory distress is a common symptom of PDA in preterm infants, caused by pulmonary congestion and edema.
**Option C:** A diastolic murmur is often heard in patients with PDA, resulting from the continuous flow of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary artery during diastole.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that the diagnosis of PDA in preterm infants is often made based on clinical findings, echocardiography, and sometimes cardiac catheterization. A high index of suspicion is necessary, as the symptoms of PDA can be non-specific and may mimic other conditions.
**Correct Answer: C.**