A 4.2 kg baby born to diabetic mother develops seizures at 16 hours. The most likely cause is:
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the understanding of the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia in neonates, particularly those born to diabetic mothers. Hypoglycemia in neonates can lead to seizures due to the inability of the immature liver to store glycogen and the excessive insulin levels secreted by the pancreas in response to maternal hyperglycemia.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most likely cause of seizures in this scenario is hypoglycemia. Neonates born to diabetic mothers are at risk of hypoglycemia due to the excess insulin secretion in response to maternal glucose. This excess insulin causes the baby's glucose levels to drop, leading to hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia can cause seizures in neonates due to the lack of glucose for the brain. The liver is not mature enough to store glycogen, and the baby's body is unable to convert stored glycogen to glucose to meet the brain's energy needs.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is not relevant to the scenario described.
* **Option B:** This option may be a consideration in other scenarios, but it is not the most likely cause of seizures in this case.
* **Option D:** This option may be a consideration in other scenarios, but it is not the most likely cause of seizures in this case.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Neonates born to diabetic mothers are at risk of hypoglycemia due to excess insulin secretion, which can lead to seizures. It is essential to monitor glucose levels in these babies and provide them with glucose supplements if necessary.
**Correct Answer:** C. Hypoglycemia.