Which, of the following plays a major role in the development of dumping syndrome: March 2009
**Core Concept**
Dumping syndrome, also known as rapid gastric emptying, is a condition that occurs after gastric surgery, particularly gastrectomy. It is characterized by the rapid passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine, leading to abdominal symptoms and electrolyte disturbances. The pathophysiology of dumping syndrome involves the abnormal movement of hyperosmolar food into the small intestine, causing fluid shifts and vasodilation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer involves the understanding of the pathophysiology of dumping syndrome. The rapid gastric emptying of hyperosmolar food into the small intestine triggers the release of vasoactive peptides, such as gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). These peptides cause vasodilation, leading to increased blood flow to the small intestine and subsequent fluid shifts. The release of GRP also stimulates the release of gastrin, which in turn stimulates gastric acid secretion, exacerbating the condition.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not directly relate to the pathophysiology of dumping syndrome. While gastrin is involved in the condition, it is not the primary cause.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not directly related to the pathophysiology of dumping syndrome. The absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is not the primary cause of the condition.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is not directly related to the pathophysiology of dumping syndrome. The motilin receptor is involved in regulating gastric motility, but it is not the primary cause of dumping syndrome.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Dumping syndrome can be prevented or alleviated by eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding high-sugar foods, and taking medications that slow gastric emptying, such as octreotide.
**Correct Answer:** C.