**Core Concept:** Age estimation refers to determining a person's age based on medical examination or analysis of biological markers. In adults, non-destructive methods are preferred to avoid harming the individual while estimating their age.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer is D: **Dental age estimation**. This method involves assessing dental development and maturation based on dental findings, such as tooth eruption and root formation. Dental age estimation is considered non-destructive as it relies on examining teeth without causing harm to the individual.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. **Bone age estimation (Option A):** This method involves assessing skeletal maturity using radiographic methods, such as X-rays of the hand and wrist. Although less invasive than skeletal maturity assessment, it still involves radiation exposure, making it less desirable compared to dental age estimation.

B. **Facial age estimation (Option B):** This method focuses on assessing facial development, which is less reliable and consistent than dental development for determining age.

C. **Physiological age estimation (Option C):** This method focuses on assessing physiological processes, such as hormonal changes, which are less accurate and standardized than dental methods.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact:** Dental age estimation is a reliable non-destructive method for estimating an individual's age based on dental development. This method is widely used in forensic and clinical settings to assess growth and development, monitor pubertal progression, and provide insights into an individual's age during legal proceedings or medical evaluations.

**Correct Answer: Dental age estimation (Option D)** - This method utilizes dental findings to estimate an individual's age, offering a non-invasive alternative to other age estimation methods.