**Question:** Derealisation and depersonalisation seen in which type of disorder

**Core Concept:** Derealisation and depersonalisation are symptoms that can appear in certain psychiatric disorders, particularly those involving dissociative phenomena.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Derealisation refers to the feeling of detachment or the perception that one's surroundings are unreal, while depersonalisation is the feeling of detachment from one's own body and self. These symptoms are commonly associated with dissociative disorders, particularly dissociative identity disorder (DID), formerly known as multiple personality disorder. In DID, patients may experience these symptoms when switching between different personalities or during transition periods.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. **Schizophrenia:** While schizophrenia can cause psychotic symptoms, it typically does not involve dissociative phenomena like derealisation and depersonalisation.

B. **Anxiety disorders:** Anxiety disorders focus on symptoms related to fear, worry, and physiological responses, not dissociative experiences.

C. **Depression:** Depression primarily presents with mood changes, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation, not dissociative symptoms.

D. **Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD):** PTSD affects memory, re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms, but not dissociative experiences like derealisation and depersonalisation.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact:** Dissociative disorders, including derealisation and depersonalisation, are distinct from psychotic disorders (like schizophrenia) and mood disorders (like depression). Recognizing these symptoms can help differentiate between disorders and guide appropriate treatment.

**Correct Answer:** D. Dissociative disorders (including derealisation and depersonalisation) are distinct from psychotic disorders (like schizophrenia) and mood disorders (like depression). Recognizing the presence of dissociative symptoms can help differentiate between these disorders and guide appropriate treatment.