True about late expanding phase of demographic cycle
**Question:** True about late expanding phase of demographic cycle
A. Demographic cycle is a cyclical pattern of population growth and decline
B. Late expanding phase occurs after the fertility rate and mortality rate reach a stable equilibrium
C. This phase is characterized by a rapid increase in population size
D. The late expanding phase is followed by a stationary phase in demographic cycle
**Core Concept:** Demographic cycle is a cyclical pattern of population growth and decline, with specific phases characterized by distinct changes in fertility rate, mortality rate, and overall population size.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer, D, highlights that after the late expanding phase, the demographic cycle progresses to the stationary phase. The late expanding phase is defined by a rapid increase in population size due to the gradual stabilization of fertility and mortality rates. This phase is crucial as it sets the stage for the subsequent stationary phase, where population growth slows down, and the demographic cycle reaches a period of stability.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. While the demographic cycle is indeed cyclical, the answer A is incomplete as it only mentions the fertility and mortality rates reaching a stable equilibrium, not specifying the late expanding phase's characteristics.
B. The late expanding phase is characterized by rapid population growth and does not specifically address the equilibrium of fertility and mortality rates.
C. Although the late expanding phase does involve a rapid increase in population size, it does not solely focus on population growth. This option misrepresents the late expanding phase's main characteristics.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact:** Understanding demographic cycles and their phases is essential for demographers, epidemiologists, and public health professionals working with population projections and resource allocation decisions. Demographic cycles can manifest differently across regions, reflecting cultural, economic, and environmental factors.